Valve mechanism for engines.



, Patented lune I7, |902.

T. H. HABERKDRN. i VALVE MECHANISM FUR ENGINES.

' 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

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1w v U 0b /N VEA/70H m AJ. Ano/msm Patented lune l7, |902. T. H. HABERKBN. I VALVE MECHANISM FR ENGINES.

(Application 4med nml@ 12, 1901.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

` A; Amm/VHS NITED STATES;

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TnoDoRE n. HABERKORN, or FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

VALVE IVIECHANISM FOR ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 702,423, dated June 1'7, 1902.

Application nea um 12, 1901. serai No. 64,312. (No man.)

T0 @ZZ whom, t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, THEODORE H. HABER- KORN, a resident of Fort Wayne, in the county `of Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in enable othersskilledvin the art to which" it pertains to make and'use the same. A

This invention relates torimp'ro'vements in valve mechanismv for enginesoperated by steam or other fluid under pressure. A

The primary' object of this'invention is to; provide a construction 4of valvevmechanism which will operate with greatfacility and ef'- fect greater economyin the use of the fluid;

under pressure required to operate the engine comprisingthe said valve mechanisrm" With this object in View and to the end of realizing other advantages hereinafter ap? pearing the invention consists in certain fean tures of construction and combin'ation`of parts hereinafter described,l and'pointed out in the claims. k

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a side elevation, mostlyirr central section, illustrating the-valve mechanism embodying the invention which constitutes the subjectmatter of thisapplication. Fig. II isa lefthand side elevation-relative toFig. I in section on line II II, -Fig. I. III isa side elevation, in central section, of the enginecylinder and connected valve-casing,but`the heads of the, cylinder andfvalve-casingsiare omitted inthis figure. IV is a vertical section on leither one of lines IV IV;Fig. III,v looking in the'directionfindicatedby the arrow. Fig.` Vis 'ayertcal section on'either one of lines V V, Fig. III, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow. f Fig. VI is a vertical section `oneither one of lines VIVI,

Fig. IIL-looking inthe direction indicated by the arrow.

Referring to the draw-ings, a designates the cylinder ofasteam-eng'ine or any other engine designed to be operated by fluid under pressure,"bthe'pist'on contained and arranged to operate within the cylinder, and h the piston-rod, which extends through a stuffing-box c with which the rear head ofthe cylinder is provided in the usual manner.A

of the valve casing.

The casing e of the valve mechanism is rigid with the engine-cylinder andfhas a chamber e formed therein next' alongside and externally of the cylinder, and themain valve f ofithe valve mechanism is contained and arranged to operatewithin the said chamber.

The chamber c isarranged longitudinally of -the cylinder,between the cylinder and another chamber; @2;-with`which the valve-casing is provided. The" chamber c2 is arranged par- Iallel with the chamber e",`and the cut-oil valve g is vcontained and arranged to operate within the chamber e2. Tliechamber c' is connected centrally between its ends, as at e3,with

the exhaust-port 72,;which is formed in the valve-casing at one side and externally of the chambers e and e2 of the said casingand cenltrally between the ends of the said chambers.

The-chan1ber c is preferablycylindrical, and the valve-casing near each end of the said chamber is provided with an annular port e4, whichv extends around the respective end of the chamber. Each port e4 is connected with 'the chamber c by an annular series of apertures e5," which are formed in the surrounding wall of f. the said chamber a short distance apart aroundvthe said chamber. 1 The cylinder c. is provided withtwo ports ot' and a'forn'ied in oppposite ends, respectively, of the `cylinder and communicating with the different annular ports c4 ande@` respectively, It will be observed, therefore, that each port c4 and the connected port d alndapertures e5 constitute a passageway between the chamber e andthe chamber of,- the "cylinder a, and consequently opposite ends ofthe chamber e are connected with oppositelennds, respectively, of the said cylinder-chamber.

T-wo ports es and e are formedlin the valvecasing and surround both chambers e and e? of the said casing, between the exhaust-porthand the different cylinder-ports 0.', and d', respectively. Eachport e6 is connected with the chamber e by lan annular series of apertures e7, formed in the surrounding wall of the said chamber and arrangedat'short intervals around the said chamber.` 'Each series of apertures e7 is of course arranged between the exhaust-port 7i and the adjacent series of apertures e5. l

yEach port c6 is connected with the chamber e2 of the valve-casing by an annular series IOO of apertures es, formed in the surrounding wall of the said chamber at short intervals around the chamber, and the two series of apertures es are arranged between the fluidpressure-supply port 7c, which is formed in the Valvecasing and connected with the chamber e2 centrally between the ends of the said chamber,and opposite ends,respectively, of the said chamber e2. Each port e and the connected apertures e7 and esconstitute a continuous passage-way between the chambers e and e2 of the val ve-casing.

The surrounding wall of the chamber e2 is provided near each end with a lateral vent orifice or perforation ci', which leads from the said chamber to the external atmosphere.

The cut-off valve g is adapted to reciprocate or slide within and endwise of the chamber e2 in a plane parallel with the plane in which the main valve f operates, and g represents the stem ot the cut-off valve, which stem extends outside ot the valve-casing in the usual manner. The chamber c2 is cylindrical, and the cut-off valve g has two correspondingly cylindrical piston-heads g2 and g2 arranged at opposite ends, respectively, of the valve. Each head g2 nicely fits the surrounding wall of the chamber e2 to prevent leakage between the opposing surfaces of the said head and wall. The central portion of the cut-oft valve g, which is smaller transversely than but connects together the two piston-heads g2 and g2 of the said valve, is chambered or hollow, as at g3, and the stem g' of the valve extends vcentrally and longitudinally through the chamber gsand through the end Walls of the said chamber g3 and is attached to the said central portion of the valve in any approved manner.

The live steam or fluid under pressure which is to he supplied to the engine-cylinder enters the chamber e2 at the junction of the iiuid-pressure-supplyporttandthe said chamber and fills the annular chamber g4, formed centrally of the cut-oit valve, between the two piston-heads g2 and g2 ot' the said valve, and the said piston-heads have such length and arrangement relative to the two passageways formed between and connecting the chambers e2 and e of the valve-casing that the cut-oit valve controls the passage ot' Huid Linder pressure to the said passage-ways, and the arrangement of parts is such that the fluid under pressure received within the valvechamber g4, centrally between the two heads g2 and g2 ot the cut-off valve, is supplied to the one or the other ot' the said passage-ways, according as the cut-oft valve is slid or actuated in the one direction or the other. It will be observed, therefore, that the cut-oit valve controls the supply of fiuid under pressure to the main-valve-containing chamber e'.

The Vent ports or perforations e9 and e9, which are formed, as already indicated, in the surrounding wall of the chamber e2 at opposite ends, respectively, of the travel ot the cut-'oit valve, are for the purpose of enabling the said valve to work freely and "not be impeded by the compression of air or fluid within the ends of the said chamber during the reciprocation of the cut-off valve.

The main valvebfcomprises two cylindrical portions f and f', arranged in line endwise and a suitable distance apart, and each member f is provided with two cylindrical pistonheads f2 and f3, formed upon the outer end and inner end, respectively, of the said memberf', and each of the said piston-heads f2 and f3 nicely fits the surrounding wall of the chamber c and prevents leakage between the opposing surfaces of the respective pistonhead and the said wall. By the construction hereinbefore described it will be observed that each section or memberf of the main valve has an annular chamber f4 formed eX- ternally of the said valve between the pistonheads f2 andf3 of the said valve section or member f. Each valve-section f has an internal passage way]L15 extending longitudinally therethrough, which passage-way communicates at the outer end of the said valvesection with the chamber c' and is in open relation at its inner end with the exhaust-port 7L. The main valvefhas its two sections or end portions f and f connected together by a bridge or webf, which is constructed in any approvedmanner to avoid materially obstructing communication between the exhaust-port h and the passage-ways f5 of the valve. The stem f7 of the main valve is suitably attached to the bridge or web f6 and extends outside of the valve-casing in the usual manner.

The arrangement of the parts is such that the live steam or .fluid under pressure admitted to the passage-ways (apertures e8, `Jorts e, and apertures c7) between the chambers c and c2 passes into the chambers]it of the main valve, and consequently surrounds the main valve between the inner and outer pistonheads of the said valve, that the outer pistonheads f2 and]03 control the admission of the said Fluid under pressure to the cylinder, that one of the chambers]M of the main valve shall be placed in open relation with the cylinderport at one end of the cylinder or the other chamber f* of the said valve shall be brought into open relation with the cylinder-port at the other end of the cylinder, according as the main valveis actuated in the one direction or the other, that when one of the cylinderports has about commenced to receive Viiuid under pressure from the main valve the other cylinder-port shall have commenced to exhaust into the chamber e' and the exhaust steam or iluid from the exhausting-cylinder port shall pass through the adjacent passageway f5 of the main valve to the exhaust-port h, that the chambers f'l of the main valve are always in open relation with the passage-ways formed between the chambers c and c2 of the valve-casing, and that the cut-oft Valve shall IIO perform its function of cutting olf the admission o f fluid under pressure to the main valve at the desired point of stroke of the piston b.

The construction hereinbefore described avoids disturbance with the valve mechanism by the exhausting steam or fluid, because the exhausting iuid is permitted to pass through the main valve, and hence does not act upon the valve. The arrangement of the main fiuid-pressure-supply port 7a and the exhaust-port h `centrally between the ends of. the valve-casing and connected cylinder also simplifies the construction of the cylindercasting. It will be observed also that the wall between the valve-containing chambers e' and c2 is rigid and acts as a valve-seat for both valves. It will of course be understood that the main valve and the cut-ott valve are actuated simultaneously, but in opposite directions, respectively, and any suitable mechanism for operating the said Valves and attached to the stems of the valves may be provided. The valve mechanism herein disclosed is especially well 4adapted for locomotive-cylinders, and the mechanism for operating the valves is preferably the same as that disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 555,858, granted to J. A. Haley and myself March 3, 1896.

What I claim is- 1. The combination, with an engine-cylinder, and the piston within the said cylinder, of valve mechanism comprising the following: a valve-casing arranged externally and longitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two chambers e' and e? formed inthe valvecasing and arranged longitudinally of the cylinder, with the chamber c between the chamber e2 and the cylinder; means for exhausting the cylinder; a luid-pressure-supply port 7o connected with the chambere2 centrally b'etween the ends of the said chamber; two passage-ways connecting opposite ends of the chamber e' with opposite ends, respectively, of the chamber of the cylinder; two passageways connecting together the chambers c and e2 between the fluid-pressure-supply port and the different aforesaid cylinder-connecting passage-ways, respectively; a cut-olf valve g contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e2 and having two piston-heads g2 and g2 at opposite ends, respectively, and a fluid-pressure-receiving chamber g4 formed between the said heads, and a main valvef contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e and having two external iiuidpressure receiving chambers f4 and f4 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve, all relatively arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with an engine-cylinder, and the piston Within the said cylinder, of valve mechanism comprising the following: a valve-casing arranged externally and longitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two parallel cylindrical chambers e' and assaUe-wa s connecting together the cham- C b b bers e' and c2 between the fluid-pressure-supply port and the diierent aforesaid cylinderconnecting passage-ways, respectively; a cutoff valve g contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e2 and having two cylindrical piston-heads g2 and g2 fitting the surrounding wall of the said chamber e2 and arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve so as to form a fluid-pressure-receiving chamber g4 between the said heads, and a main valve f contained Within and movable endwise of the chamber e and having two external annular' chambers f4 and f4 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve, with the end walls of the said chambers formed by cylindrical piston-heads fitting the surrounding wall of the said chamber c', all relatively arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, with an engine-cylinder and the piston within the said cylinder, which cylinder has two ports a and a connecting with opposite ends, respectively, of the cylinder, of valve mechanism comprising the following; a valve-casing arranged externally and longitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two chambers e' and c2 formed in the valve-casing and arranged longitudinally of the cylinder, withthe chamber e between the chamber e2 and the cylinder; the iluid-pressure-supply port 7s connected with the chamber c2 centrally between the ends of the said chamber; two ports c4 and c4 surrounding the chamber e near opposite ends, respectively, of the said chamber and communicating with the different cylinder-ports, respectively; an annular series of apertures formed in the surrounding wall of the chamber c and connecting one of the ports e4 with the said chamber; another annular series of apertures formed in the said Wall and connecting the other port. e4 with the said chamber c; two passage-ways connecting together the chambers c' and e2 between the duid-pressure-supply port and the different aforesaid cylinder-connecting passage-ways; a cut-o valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber c2 and having two pistonheads g2 and g2 arranged a suitable distance p apart longitudinally of the valve so as to form the luid-pressure-receiving chamber g4 between them, and a main valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e andcomprising two external chambers f4 and f4 arranged a suitable distance apart lon- ICO IIO

IIS

gitudinally of the valve, all relatively arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

4. The combination, with an engine-cylinder, and the piston within the said cylinder, ot' valve mechanism comprising the following: a valve-casing arranged externally and lon gitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two chambers e and c2 formed in the valve-casing and arranged longitudinally of the cylinder, with the chamber e between the chamber e2 and the cylinder; the fluid-pressure-supply port k connected with the chamber e2 centrally between the ends of the said chamber; two passage-ways extending from opposite end portions, respectively, of the chamber e. to and connected with opposite ends, respectively, of the chamber of the cylinder two ports c6 and e surrounding both chambers e' and e2between the exhaust-port and the different aforesaid cylinder-chamber-connecting passage ways, respectively; an annular series of apertures formed in the surrounding wall of the chamber e and connecting one of the said ports e6 with the said chamber e'; another annular series of apertures formed in the said wall andv connecting the other port c6 with the said chamber; an annular series of apertures formed in the surrounding wall of the chamber c2 and connecting the said chamber with one of the aforesaid ports e6, and another annular series of apertures formed in the said wall and connecting the other port e6 with the said chamber e2; a cut-ott valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e2 and having two piston-headsg2 and g2 separated longitudinally of the valve to form the chamber g4 between them; and a main valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e and having two external chambers f4 and f4 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally ot' the valve and piston-heads forming the end walls of the said chambers f4 and f4, all relatively arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified. y

5. The combination, with an engine-cylinder, and the piston within the said cylinder, of valve mechanism comprising the following: a valve-casing arranged externally and longitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two chambers e and c2 formed in the valve-casing and arranged longitudinally of the cylinder, with the chamber e between the chamber e2 and the cylinder; an exhaustport 71, connected with the chamber e centrally between the ends of the said chamber; the iiuid-pressure-supply port 7.a connected with the chamber c2 centrally between the ends of the said chamber; two passage-ways connecting opposite end portions, respectively, of the chamber e with opposite ends, respectively, of the chamber of the cylinder; two passage-ways connecting together the chambers e' and e2 between the Huid-pressure-supply port and the different aforesaid cylinderconnecting passage ways, respectively; a cut-oft valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e2 and having two piston-heads g2 and g2 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve to form an annular iiuid-pressure-receiving chamber q4 between the said heads, which valve has a stem g extending through and attached to the central portion of the valve, and a main valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e and comprising two end portions or sections f and f' arranged in line and a suitable distance apart endwise with each of the said sections f provided with two piston-heads f2 and f3 separated to form a chamber]4 between them, which main valve is provided, also, with the following: a bridge or web f connecting the two sections f and f together, passage-ways extending through the said sectionsf from the outer ends of the said sections to the exhaust-port, and a stem f7 attached to the said web or bridge, allv relatively arranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

6. The combination, with an engine-cylinder and the piston within the said cylinder, of valve mechanism comprising the following: a valve-casing arranged externally and longitudinally of the chamber of the cylinder; two parallel chambers c and e2 formed in the valve-casing and arranged longitudinally of the cylinder, with the chamber e between the chamber e2 and the cylinder; means for exhausting the cylinder; the fluidpressure-supply port 7c connected with the chamber e2 between the ends of the said chamber; two passage-ways connecting opposite end portions of the chamber e' with opposite ends, respectively, of the chamber -of the cylinder; two passage-ways connecting together the chambers e' and e2 between the iiuid-pressure-supply port and the different aforesaid cylinder-connecting passageways, respectively; a cut-off valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e2 and having two piston-heads g2 and g2 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve to form a huid-pressurereceiving chamber g4 between them; two vent ports or orices e and e9 formed in the surrounding wall of the chamber e2 at opposite ends, respectively, of the travel of the cut-O valve, and a main valve contained within and movable endwise of the chamber e', having two external chambers f4 and]C711 arranged a suitable distance apart longitudinally of the valve and piston-heads forming the end walls of the said chambers f4, all relatively varranged and operating substantially as shown, for the purpose specified.

Signed by me at Fort Wayne, Indiana, this 4th day of June, 1901.

THEODORE H. HABERKORN.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH A. HALEY, H. VAN METER.

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